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Bohnstedt Gymnasium Luckau

1, GROM, 11/1

Christoph N. ©

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FACHARBEIT

im Fach Englisch



Olympic Games in London







Verfasser:
Schule: Bohnstedt - Gymnasium - Luckau
Betreuender Lehrer: Frau Gromulat
Fach: Englisch
Schuljahr: 2012 / 2013


Table of Content:

  1. Introduction

  2. Olympic Games

  3. Olympic Games 1908

    1. Development and Preparation

    2. Stadiums

      1. The White-City-Stadium (The Stadium)

      2. Other sport locations

    3. Participating Countries

    4. Sports

    5. Great Heroes

      1. Mel Sheppard

      2. Henry Taylor

      3. Benjamin Jones

  4. Olympic Games 1944

  5. Olympic Games 1948

    1. Development and Preparation

    2. Stadiums

    3. Participating Countries

    4. Sports

    5. Great Horoes

      1. Fanny Blankers-Koen

      2. Veikko Huhtanen

      3. Emil Zátopek

  6. Olympic Games 2012

    1. Development and Preparation

    2. Stadiums

      1. The Olympia Stadium

      2. The Aquatics Centre

      3. The Water Polo Arena

      4. The Riverbank Arena

      5. The Basketball Arena

    3. Participating Countries

    4. Sports

    5. Great Heroes

      1. Usian Bolt

  7. Addendium

  8. List of references

  9. statement of authorship

  1. Introduction

In this summer the Olympic Games took place in London. I am very interested in sports and I watched some live streams on TV. I researched in some books and on the internet and I found out that the games took place the third time in London. I am particularly interested on the differences between the Games 2012 and the Games in the past. I analyzed some facts about the stadiums, the change of the sports and the greatest heroes of each Game. This year, short time after the Games, I made a trip to London. I could see the leftovers of the Games and feel the emotions. That was a reason for me, to choose this topic.

  1. Olympic Games

The modern Olympic Games are an international sports event. There are summer and winter games. They are organised every two years in exchange. Furthermore there are the Paralympics. This event is special for disabled persons. The Olympic Games have an old tradition. The first Game was presumably in the 2 century before Christ. The first modern Olympic Games took place 1896 in France. They are organised every 4 years. The time between two Olympic Games is called Olympiad. The aims of the games are a peaceful, faire sporting competition. The organizers hope that this behaviour transfers to the general colloquial. The Symbol of the games are five colored rings. The modern games were cancelled three times because of the world wars. The Games are held each time in a different place. The Games took already place in North and Central America, Australia, Asia and Europe. The next Summer-Games will be held in Rio 2016.

  1. Olympic Games 1908

    1. Development and Preparation

IMG. 1: Billboard

1906 the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that London will organize the Olympic Games 1908. The Olympic Games took place in London from April 27. to October 31. 1908. In contrast to the Games in Paris 1900 and the games in St. Louis 1904, the games in London were well organized. This had the consequence, that the global interest on the Olympic games in London in comparison to previous years increased. At the same time London hosted the Franco-British Exhibition. This had the advantage that a large part of the infrastructure could be used for both events.

    1. Stadiums

IMG. 2: White-City Stadium 1908

      1. The White-City-Stadium (The Stadium)

Construction on the stadium began on July 31.1907 and took 9 months in demanding. The construction costs were 44 000 £. The costs were borne by the exhibition organizer. The Stadium provides space for a 67 000 people audience. For this time the stadium was very modern, it had several assembly changing and relaxation rooms. The Stadium includes a velodrome, a running tack, a jumping and throwing place and a swimming pool. The competitions in archery, field hockey, soccer, lacrosse, cycling, wrestling, rugby, swimming, tug of war, gymnastics, water polo and diving, as well as the Athletics tournaments, took place in the White City Stadium .

      1. Other sport locations

For all other sports existing sports locations was used. The polo tournament took place in the Hurlingham Club. Indoor tennis and real tennis took place at the Queen’s Club. It was also possible to produce artificial ice in Chamonix. Given these circumstances it was possible to carry out competitions in figure skating.

    1. Participating Countries

Around 2000 athletes from 22 Nations took part in the Olympic Games. The most athletes were Europeans. Only 46 women took part in the Games. The women were only allowed to start in sports like archery, skating, sailing, tennis and motorboat races. Athletes from Australia and New Zealand joined up under the name of Australasia. This alliance will remain until 1920.

    1. Sports

The sports were divided up into four categories. The category “Spring Games” includes the sports Rackets, indoor Tennis, Jeu de Paume and polo. The category “Summer Games” includes the sports Archery, Fencing, Athletics, Cycling, Wrestling, Shooting, Swimming, tug of War, Tennis, Gymnastics, Water Polo and diving. The category “Winter Games” includes the sports boxing, figure skating, field hockey, football, lacrosse and rugby. And the last category “Nautical Sports” includes Sailing, Rowing and Motorboat race.

    1. Great Heroes

IMG. 3: Mel Sheppard

      1. Mel Sheppard (* 5. September 1883 to
        † 4. January 1942)

Mel was an American athlete. He won at the Olympics three gold medals. His greatest successes he had in middle distance running. With his win in the 800 meter run, he set a world record. He ran the 800 meters in 1:52:8 minutes.

IMG. 4: Henry Taylor

      1. Henry Taylor (* 17. March 1885 to
        † 28. February 1951)

IMG. 5: Benjamin Jones

Henry was a British swimmer. He also won three gold medals. 1908 he won Olympic gold in 1500 meter and 4 x 200 meter. With his success, he is the most successful British swimmer in the Olympics at all. In 1969 he was inducted into the Hall of Fame of international swimming.

      1. Benjamin Jones (* 1882)

Benjamin was a British cyclist. He won two gold medals and one silver medal in the short distance.



  1. Olympic Games 1944

The 1944 Summer Olympics were cancelled due to World War II. They were to have been held in London, England, United Kingdom, which won the bid in a June 1939 IOC election over Rome, Detroit, Lausanne, Athens, Budapest, Helsinki and Montreal on the first ballot.

IMG. 6: Billboard

  1. Olympic Games 1948

    1. Development and Preparation

The Games from 1944, which failed as a result of the Second World War, were regulated in 1948 in London. Britain saw the games as an opportunity to eliminate the damages of the war. The games are now also known as “the Hunger Games”. The players were housed in schools and barracks. They had to bring their own food, because food shortages prevailed. Germany and Japan were due to the acts in the Second World War not invited. The USSR didn't follow the invitation. The competitions were first time broadcasted on television. In the UK half a million people watched the live stream.

    1. Stadiums

IMG. 7: The Wimbledon Stadium

People were tired and undernourished, a quarter of the nation's wealth was destroyed and the state already overstretched with the rebuilding of the bombed houses - new sports facilities were unthinkable. Britain was the only country that could arrange a worldwide sporting event. London had something that other cities not possess in this time - a functioning government. The Games of 2012 cost about 10 billion. The Games of 1948 were carried out with 0,2 percent of this money.

The Wimbledon Stadium was the centre of the Games. It was renovated in a makeshift way. Through all the rain during the game the cinder track looked like a field.

    1. Participating Countries

Around 4000 athletes from 59 Nations took part in the Olympic Games. Only 400 of the athletes were female. Germany and Japan were due to the acts in the Second World War not invited. The USSR didn't follow the invitation. Many of the athletes had due to the devastation no possibility or time to prepare for the competition. For example, the postman Tommy Goodwin attended for the United Kingdom the long-distance cycle race.





    1. Sports

The games included 136 competitions in 17 sports. It was the last time that artistry was a discipline at the Olympic games. In 1948 there were 17 different artistic disciplines. For example statuary, lyric and music.

IMG. 8: Fanny Blankers-Koen

    1. Great Heroes

      1. Fanny Blankers-Koen (* 26. April 1918
        to † 25. January 2004)

She is a Dutch sportswoman who won at the Olympic Games 1948 Four gold medals. She is one of the four most successful female athletes of all time. She won gold medals in the 100m, 200m, 80m hurdles and with the Dutch 4 x 100 m relay.

IMG. 9: Veikko Huhtanen

      1. Veikko Huhtanen (* 5. June 1919 to † 29. January 1976)

IMG. 10: Emil Zátopek

He was a Finnish gymnast. He won at the Olympics 3 gold medals, a silver medal and a bronze medal.

      1. Emil Zátopek (* 19. September 1922 to † 21. November 2000)

He was also known as “the locomotive”. He was a Czech athlete. The long-distance runner and Olympic champion was a multiple world record holder and a national hero in Czechoslovakia. He won the 1000 meter run with 48 seconds advance. He also won a silver medal over 5000 meters.

  1. Olympic Games 2012

    1. Development and Preparation

IMG. 11: Billboard

London applied 2003 for hosting the Olympic Games. Two years later the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that London will organize the Olympic Games 2012. London is the first City who host the Games tree times. The preparation for the Games started short time after. 2011 all stadiums were completed. In planning the sports facilities accessibility was considered.

    1. Stations

IMG. 12: Olympia Stadium

      1. The Olympia Stadium

The Stadium is the centre of the new Olympic park in the east of London. It is the place where the opening and ending of the games took place. The Stadium provides space for a 80 000 audience. The tournaments in athletics took place in this Stadium. After the games football clubs want to buy the Stadium.

IMG. 13: Aquatics Centre

      1. The Aquatics Centre

The Stadium is a part of the Olympic park. The swimming hall is not far away from the Olympia Stadium. The hall provides space for a 17 500 audience. The tournaments in swimming, diving, synchronised swimming and modern pentathlon took place in this Stadium. After the games the Stadium was partially dismantled.

IMG. 14: water polo Arena

      1. The water polo Arena

IMG. 15: Riverbank Arena

The Hall is a part of the aquatics centre. The Arena is only build for the water polo tournaments. The hall provides space for a 5 000 audience. After the Games the Stadium was completely dismantled.

      1. The Riverbank Arena

The Arena is a temporary Arena, and only build for the Olympic hockey tournaments. The Arena provides space for a 17 000 audience. After the Games the Stadium was completely dismantled.

IMG. 16: basketball Arena

      1. The basketball Arena

The Arena was dismantled as well as the Riverbank Arena and the water polo Arena after the Olympic games. The Arena provides space for a 12 000 audience. The tournaments in basketball and handball took place in this stadium.





    1. Participating Countries

Around 10 500 athletes from 204 Nations took part in the Olympic Games. First time every Nations send women to the Games. The Olympic Games of 2012 surpassed the Games of 1948 and Commonwealth Games of 2002. For this reason it is the largest multi-sport event ever held in the UK. Four Athletes participated independently under the Olympic flag.

    1. Sports

The programme featured 26 sports encompassing 302 disciplines. That’s two sports fewer than 2008 in Peking. The team sports softball and baseball are cancelled two days after London was selected at the host city of the Olympic Games 2012. The female athletes had so many tournaments like never before.

    1. Great Heroes

IMG. 17: Usian Bolt

      1. Usian Bolt

Usian Leo Bolt (born 21 August 1986) is a Jamaican sprinter also knows as the fastest person ever. He is the first man ever who holds both the 100 meters and the 200 meters world record since the automatic time measurements. He won six times the gold medal of the Olympic games in sprinting and he is five times world champion. Moreover he was the winner of the 100 and the 200 meter run of two consecutive Olympic Games (2008 and 2012). The whole world watched the only 9, 63 seconds long run with pressure. This was not a world record but Olympic record.









  1. Addendum

    1. Medal Count

      1. Olympic Games 1908

 Rank 

Nation

Gold

Silver

Bronze

Total

1

Great Britain (host nation)

56

51

39

146

2

United States

23

12

12

47

3

Sweden

8

6

11

25

4

France

5

5

9

19

5

Germany

3

5

5

13

6

Hungary

3

4

2

9

7

Canada

3

3

10

16

8

Norway

2

3

3

8

9

Italy

2

2

0

4

10

Belgium

1

5

2

8



      1. Olympic Games 1948

 Rank 

Nation

Gold

Silver

Bronze

Total

1

United States

38

27

19

84

2

Sweden

16

11

17

44

3

France

10

6

13

29

4

Hungary

10

5

12

27

5

Italy

8

11

8

27

6

Finland

8

7

5

20

7

Turkey

6

4

2

12

8

Czechoslovakia

6

2

3

11

9

Switzerland

5

10

5

20

10

Denmark

5

7

8

20

Great Britain reached the 12th place with 23 medals.

      1. Olympic Games 2012

 Rank 

Nation

Gold

Silver

Bronze

Total

1

  United States

46

29

29

104

2

  China 

38

27

23

88

3

  Great Britain 

29

17

19

65

4

  Russia 

24

26

32

82

5

  South Korea 

13

8

7

28

6

  Germany 

11

19

14

44

7

  France 

11

11

12

34

8

  Italy 

8

9

11

28

9

  Hungary 

8

4

6

18

10

  Australia 

7

16

12

35





  1. List of references

  • Print Media:

  • Book: Heinz Schöbel: Olympia und seine Spiele. 2. erweiterte Auflage, Sportverlag Berlin, Edition Leipzig

  • Book: Das Erste: Das Olympia-Buch. Athen 1896 - 2004 Athen. 1. Aufalge, Delius Clasing

  • Book: Sven Simon: Olympische Spiele London 2012. 1. Auflage, Copress Sport

  • Digital sources:

    1. statement of authorship

    ERKLÄRUNGEN

    Hiermit versichere ich, dass ich die vorliegende Arbeit selbstständig angefertigt, keine anderen als die angegebenen Hilfsmittel benutzt und die Stellen des Anderen Leistungsnachweises, die im Wortlaut, in Graphiken und Bildern oder im wesentlichen Inhalt aus anderen Werken entnommen wurden, mit genauer Quellenangabe kenntlich gemacht habe.



    Name

    Ort, Datum Schlabendorf, den 26.11.2012

    Verwendete Informationen aus dem Internet sind durch Angabe des URL (vollständige Adresse) angegeben.


    Unterschrift ________________________

    Der von mir verfasste Andere Leistungsnachweis darf der schulinternen Öffentlichkeit zugänglich gemacht werden.


    Unterschrift ________________________






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